Validation

How did Voluspa handle
past disruptions?

Revisit real disruptions and see what the system found using information from that time. These tests do not establish future forecasting accuracy.

Evaluation method

Evidence before interpretation.

Historical replays are designed to separate genuine model behaviour from retrospective storytelling.

Only information available then

Every replay is restricted to information available within its declared historical window.

Clear test criteria

Detection and recovery requirements are recorded before model output is evaluated.

Original results preserved

Initial runs are preserved before tuning, reinterpretation or model adjustment.

Engines tested separately

Individual modules are tested separately before integration through Yggdrasil.